> BSD and POSIX expect that programs which `dial out' will do the following:
> 1) Open the device with the O_NONBLOCK flag.
> 2) Turn on CLOCAL.
> 3) Do whatever is necessary to establish a connection and get carrier
> turned on.
> 4) Turn off CLOCAL.
> If a program is not doing that, then I would argue that it is broken.
> If there are such broken programs in our source tree, please report them.

pppd.  ;-) (As any number of people have reported and fixed for themselves...)