Subject: README: setroot changes that affect you!
To: None <current-users@NetBSD.ORG>
From: Jason Thorpe <thorpej@nas.nasa.gov>
List: current-users
Date: 01/30/1997 23:25:11
Ok, now that I have your attention...  :-)

I've just committed a rather large number of changes that affect every
port in the source tree.  The relevant entries from doc/CHANGES:

	Change NFSCLIENT -> NFS.  We "mount -t nfs", and the vfs ops
		are "nfs_vfsops".  [thorpej 970130]
	Implement machine-indepdendent mountroothook code, derived
		from similar code implemented by me in the sparc
		and x68k ports.  This is used to execute a special
		operation before a device is mounted as root (such
		as ejecting a floppy, and prompting for a new disk.)
		[thorpej 970130]
	Implement a new machine-independent setroot() function, which
		sets the root/swap device and, optionally, the
		root file system.  "options GENERIC" is obsolete.
		[thorpej 970130]
	Implement a new, fault-tolerant vfs_mountroot(), which is
		capable of determining the root file system type
		if the operator didn't specify one in the kernel
		configuration file.  Change file system mountroot
		functions to return errors properly, rather than
		panic'ing.  If the file system can not be mounted,
		the operator will be prompted for a root device
		and file system type, or be given the option to halt
		the system.  [thorpej 970130]
	Change config(8) to support generic vfs_mountroot() and
		machine-independent setroot().  File systems are
		now configured with the "file-system" keyword.
		Kernel configurations must now always specify
		a root device, which may be wildcarded ("?").
		Operator may specify a root file system type,
		as well.  [thorpej 970130]

The first item... NFSCLIENT -> NFS.  The file system name is "NFS".
Everyone, please note that to use the NFS file system, you must
configure "file-system NFS" into your kernel config file.  The NFSCLIENT
option no longer has any meaning.

The second item... mountroothooks.  Two ports used an identical set
of code to execute special instructions before mounting the root
file system.  This has been made MI so that all ports can use it.

Third item... Every port in the source tree had it's own, slightly
different way of selecting the root device.  The "best" implementations
of this function were those used in the alpha, hp300, sparc, mac68k,
and mvme68k ports (they were all derived from the same code base).
I have abstracted that code, and placed it in a common file.  All ports
now have consistent behavior.  Note, this new code completely obsoletes
any notion of "options GENERIC".  It no longer has any meaning.  Also
note that all kernels now understand RB_ASKNAME, and RB_ASKNAME will
also prompt for the root file system type.

...which brings me to the fourth item.  The root file system mount
process is now much more fault-tolerant.  If the root mount fails,
the operator will be prompted for a new root device and file system
type.  In addition, if the root file system is wildcarded in the
kernel configuration file, the kernel will attempt to mount all
statically-compiled file systems that have mountroot funtions
until one succeeds.  Obvious uses of this are "generic" kernels
that support booting from CD-ROM.

...and, last but not least, there were a fair number of changes to
config(8) to support all of this.  First of all, file systems are
compiled into the kernel with a new "file-system" keyword:

# File systems  
file-system     FFS             # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
file-system     MFS             # memory file system
file-system     NFS             # Network File System
file-system     CD9660          # ISO 9660 + Rock Ridge file system
file-system     FDESC           # /dev/fd
file-system     KERNFS          # /kern
file-system     PROCFS          # /proc
file-system     UNION           # union file system

Other file system options, such as NFSSERVER, FIFO, and QUOTA,
remain as before:

# File system options
options         NFSSERVER       # Network File System server
options         FIFO            # FIFOs; RECOMMENDED

In addition, the root device specification has changed somewhat.
Now, a "root" spec is _required_, but may be wildcarded.  Optionally,
the root file system type can be specified or wildcarded.  An
unspecified type is the same as a wild carded type.  Specification
of swap and dumps remains as before.  So, the major differences you'll
notice... the following:

config	netbsd swap generic
config	netbsd root on nfs

have become:

config	netbsd root on ? type ?
config	netbsd root on ? type nfs

Note also that you can e.g. nail down the network interface used
for NFS root:

config	netbsd root on le0 type nfs

To wrap this all up, you will need to rebuild config(8) in order
to compile kernels.  These changes have been well tested, but it's
always possible that something falls though the cracks.  If you have
any problems, please send a bug report w/ send-pr, and I'll address it.
If you have any questions, please post them here, and I'll answer them
as quickly as I can.

Ciao!

Jason R. Thorpe                                       thorpej@nas.nasa.gov
NASA Ames Research Center                               Home: 408.866.1912
NAS: M/S 258-6                                          Work: 415.604.0935
Moffett Field, CA 94035                                Pager: 415.428.6939